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microbiology- a system approach-sixth edition

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20.       Rhizobium leguminosarum

Thanks for your post.  Here is an addition to the discussion. Consider Bradyrhizobium japonicum, for example.  B. japonicum is a gram negative, rod-shaped, nitrogen-fixing bacterium which develops a mutualistic symbiosis with the soybean plant Glycine Max. B. japonicum belongs to the family, Rhizobiaceae which includes many other nitrogen-fixing bacteria that are symbiotic with legumes. What are the details of this relationship? The plant provides the bacterium with a "safe" environment and a steady supply of carbon for energy and growth. This carbon source is referred to as photosynthate which is created from the product of photosynthesis. In most rhizobium / legume symbiosis, photosynthate refers to the dicarboxylic acids, succinate, fumarate and malate.  In return, the bacteria provide the plant with fixed nitrogen; that is, nitrogen gas which has been reduced and converted into a form readily utilized by the plant. The result of this symbiosis is a dramatic increase in plant production without the need for adding external fertilizer.  A big benefit!

Best, Dr. “R”