08 Aug Chronic pelvic pain is known as any pain to radiate from the pelvic that last for 6 months or more
please reply to discussion below using APA 7th edition and 3 references dated less than 4 years
Chronic pelvic pain is known as any pain to radiate from the pelvic that last for 6 months or more. The pain can be associated with negative cognitive, behavioral, sexual, and emotional consequences that also effect daily function (Lamvu et al., 2021). Pelvic pain symptoms can include pelvic or vulvovaginal pain, pressure, urgency, retention, and dyspareunia. Women can experience irregular bleeding, dyschezia, radiation along dermatomes, sleep disturbance, anxiety, depression, and pain worsening with activity (Lamvu et al., 2021).
Endometriosis is a common diagnosis in women that causes chronic pelvic pain. This diagnosis affects women’s lives, pain control, infertility, decreased quality of life, and interferes with relationships (Agarwal et al., 2019). In diagnosis of endometriosis patients present with the two symptoms of pain and infertility. The histology of endometriosis includes extrauterine lesions of endometrial glands, endometrial stroma, and hemosiderin-laden macrophages (Agarwal et al., 2019). In the clinical setting not all patients present with lesions but all patients present with pelvic pain. To properly manage patients who present with possible endometriosis a referral should be made out to gynecology services to decrease disease progression, pelvic pain, and compromised fertility.
A referral of suspected endometriosis for women at gynecology services is recommended by primary care providers when women present with a known sign or symptom. If a woman has suspected or confirmed deep endometriosis that involves the bowel, bladder, or ureter they should seek a specialist of endometriosis. If the woman is less than 18 years of age, they should be referred to pediatric or adolescent gynecological service or endometriosis service center (Kuznetsov et al., 2017). As the primary care provider assessment and examination should be addressed with women choose to not seek surgical treatment. A referral could also be placed for an ultrasound and MRI based off the patients’ current symptoms and needed diagnostic testing (Kuznetsov et al., 2017). In the treatment of women with diagnosed or undiagnosed endometriosis providers should place referrals to appropriate specialist and provider patients with symptomatic treatment for all side effects related to pelvic and endometriosis pain.
Reference
Agarwal, S. K., Chapron, C., Giudice, L. C., Laufer, M. R., Leyland, N., Missmer, S. A., & Taylor, H. S. (2019). Clinical diagnosis of endometriosis: A call to action. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 220(4), 354-e1.
Kuznetsov, L., Dworzynski, K., Davies, M., & Overton, C. (2017). Diagnosis and management of endometriosis: Summary of NICE guidance. Bmj, 358.
Lamvu, G., Carrillo, J., Ouyang, C., & Rapkin, A. (2021). Chronic pelvic pain in women: A review. Jama, 325(23), 2381-2391.
