01 Oct An) ________ is an atom or a group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge.
BIOL1322 Nutrition & Diet Therapy
Chapter 4 Quiz
Chapter 4 Quiz
A (An) ________ is an atom or a group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge.
Multiple Choice
solvent
enzyme
diatom
ion
Iron, calcium, and carbon are ________.
Multiple Choice
solvents
elements
compounds
bases
A liquid has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water but lower than the pH of household ammonia. Based on this information, the liquid is a ________.
Multiple Choice
baking soda solution
tablespoon of fat-free milk
fluid ounce of black coffee
cup of lemon juice
A molecule forms when two or more atoms are attracted to each other and held together by ________.
Multiple Choice
salts
bonds
solvents
bases
Which of the following physiological changes is a result of anabolic chemical reactions?
Multiple Choice
Loss of body fat during a week of starvation
Enlargement of muscle tissue after 3 weeks of regular exercise
Breakdown of large food molecules within the lumen of the small intestine
The liver’s conversion of a large carbohydrate molecule into its component parts
Devon adds a little salt to a pot of water before he boils the water to cook pasta. When added to the water, the salt is a ________.
Multiple Choice
Solvent
buffer
solute
diffuser
A primary function of the digestive system is the ________.
Multiple Choice
breakdown of food into nutrients
production of red blood cells
destruction of toxic metabolic by-products
transmission of nervous impulses
An ________ is a body structure composed of tissues that have related functions.
Multiple Choice
electrolyte
organelle
organ
anion
Which of the following foods is considered to be a probiotic?
Multiple Choice
Fresh lean meat
Yogurt with live and active cultures of Lactobacillus
Eggs laid by hens that consume organic feed
Breads and cereals made from refined enriched wheat flour
Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach?
Multiple Choice
Mucus
Gastric juice
Bile
Hydrochloric acid
The process of digesting food begins in the ________.
Multiple Choice
esophagus
mouth
colon
liver
Which of the following statements is true?
Multiple Choice
Prebiotics are immature probiotics.
Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that live in the human large intestine.
Prebiotics are harmful to gut microbiota.
Diets that contain a lot of probiotics have been clinically proven to cure colon cancer.
The ________ of a food describes the extent to which the body is able to absorb the nutrients from the food and use them.
Multiple Choice
digestibility
bioavailability
essentiality
homeostasis
Which of the following structures normally prevents swallowed food from entering the larynx and trachea?
Multiple Choice
Voice box
Tongue
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Marcus has an infection that causes a temporary loss of villi. Based on this information, you would expect Marcus to ________ while he has this illness.
Multiple Choice
digest proteins more efficiently
develop gallstones.
lose weight rapidly
absorb vitamins more rapidly
Which of the following statements is true?
Multiple Choice
Foods that taste bitter are generally good energy sources because of their high carbohydrate contents.
Older adults generally have fewer taste buds than children.
The gallbladder makes bile and stores the compound in the liver.
Segmentation enables chyme to move through the esophagus.
The ________ is the third segment of the small intestine.
Multiple Choice
duodenum
ileum
colon
jejunum
Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome usually includes making dietary changes and ________.
Multiple Choice
reducing physical activity
learning ways to manage stress effectively
moving to a drier climate
having the lower third of the colon removed
Coretta has severe chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). To reduce her likelihood of developing heartburn, her physician recommended that she ________.
Multiple Choice
drink chocolate milk shakes with meals
have a glass of wine with dinner
eat peppermint candy after meals
lose excess body fat
Tyler smokes cigarettes, drinks excess alcohol, and takes aspirins regularly to treat his headaches. Based on this information, Tyler has a high risk of developing ________.
Multiple Choice
irritable bowel syndrome
cystic fibrosis
peptic ulcers
chronic constipation
