18 Jan Topic: Revised Prospectus PowerPoint Please help use the negative comments to revise the Prospectus PowerPoint ?? THE NEGATI
Topic: Revised Prospectus PowerPoint
Please help use the negative comments to revise the Prospectus PowerPoint
THE NEGATIVE COMMENTS ARE AS FOLLOWS:
Instrumentation or Sources of Data 12.18 /14 Points
Approaches Meeting Expectations
· Professor’s Comments: Component is present and adequate. Small gaps are present that leave the reader with questions.
Does not meet Expectations
· Professor’s comments on Speaker’s Notes: Not all components are present. Large gaps are present in the components that leave the reader with significant questions.
Criteria Comments
· Professor’s comments: I would aim for 15-20 participants. Also, if you use a questionnaire, please specify that it is a questionnaire. We don't want questions of validity to be raised by the committee, which could happen. Also, designing a quantitative questionnaire is time consuming and difficult.
Data Collection and Management
Criteria Description 12.18 /14 Points
Does not meet Expectations 9.8/10 points
· Professor’s comments on Speaker’s Notes: Not all components are present. Large gaps are present in the components that leave the reader with significant questions.
Not Present 0 points
· Professor’s comments on Speaker’s Notes: Item is not present.
Criteria Comments
· Professor’s comments on Speaker’s Notes: We need a more specific strategy as to how participants will be recruited. Do you have a personal network to draw on as well?
Data Analysis Procedures 0 /14. 0: Not Present
Its not present.
Criteria Comments
· Professor’s comments on Speaker’s Notes: No data analysis section was included.
Description
The research prospectus will serve as the framework for your dissertation proposal. The research prospectus will also assist your dissertation chair in providing valuable feedback to guide you in your dissertation. This time, you will revise your earlier submission using feedback from the instructor.
General Requirements:
Use the following information to ensure successful completion:
- This requires that at least two additional scholarly research sources related to this topic, and at least one in-text citation from each source be included.
- You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite for verification of Similarity Scores and Plagiarism.
Directions:
Using the feedback from the instructor, revise the presentation you created for your previous work.
Factors Influencing Utilization of Mental Health Services in South Texas Kehinde Alli Dr. John Johnson December 10, 2021
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Purpose Statement
The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study is to examine how mental health providers describe influencing factors among south Texas residents to utilize or reject mental health services.
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Literature Review: Background to the Problem/Define the Need/Gap
To research and understand the factors affecting decisions not to utilize Mental Health Services
Mental disease stigmatization
Worrying about privacy of their health problem
High expenses of mental health treatment
Causes of the issue
Having no medical care insurance
Being afraid that another individual might know.
Concerns of the mental health facilities failing to meet hygiene standards.
Lower income earnings makes it had to get mental health services
Solving the issue
Stigma reduction
Educating people on mental health
Creation of Awareness
Augsberger, Yeung, Dougher, & Hahm (2015). Analyzed the hidden barriers to accessing care and utilization of mental health for Asian American Women in Southern Texas
Hamilton, Desai, Hoot, Gearing, Jeong, Meyer, & Begley (2016). Reviewed and analyzed how the likelihood of lower hospitalization was associated with the race of African Americans while increasing age was a key predisposing factor in increased likelihood of hospitalization in South Texas.
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Problem Statement
It is not known how mental health providers in South Texas describe the factors that influence utilization of mental health services
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Literature Review: Theoretical Foundations
The theoretical model for the research gap is the Cognitive theory of Psychopathology by Aaron T. Beck. The theory states that individual perception is influenced by positive and negative mental health status (DeYoung & Krueger, 2018).
This model fits directly into the dissertation because it is helpful at describing how individual’s perceptions of situations including spontaneous thoughts on events influence people’s emotional, behavioral, and psychological reactions in relations to mental health services. Furthermore, this theory connects to the study of mental health utilization through the concepts of perception.
According to Steele et al. (2017) the LBGT community’s beliefs about utilizing mental health services conforms to an identity that is not agreed upon. In their view, an individual’s perception grows into the belief that supports non-utilization of mental health services.
DeYoung, C. G., & Krueger, R. F. (2018). A cybernetic theory of psychopathology. Psychological Inquiry, 29(3), 117-138. doi:10.1080/1047840x.2018.1513680
Steele, L. S., Daley, A., Curling, D., Gibson, M. F., Green, D. C., Williams, C. C., & Ross, L. E. (2017). LGBT identity, untreated depression, and unmet need for mental health services by sexual minority women and trans-identified people. Journal of Women's Health (Larchmont, N.Y. 2002), 26(2), 116-127. doi:10.1089/jwh.2015.5677
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Research Questions, Phenomenon, Variables and Hypotheses
Research Questions
RQ1: How do mental health providers describe the factors influencing utilization of mental health services?
RQ 2: How do mental health providers describe strategies of encouraging patients to utilize mental health services?
RQ 3: How do caregivers describe the factors influencing patient’s utilization of mental health services?
RQ4: How do caregivers describe strategies of encouraging patients to utilize mental health services?
De Luca, Blosnich, Hentschel, King, & Amen (2016). Mental Health Care Utilization: How Race, Ethnicity and Veteran Status are Associated with Seeking Help. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10597-015-9964-3
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Population, Target Population, and Sample
Population:
United States Mental Health Providers.
Target Population:
mental health providers who are members of the Mental Health Association in South Texas.
Sample:
Sample participants will come from Southern Texas, United States.
12 mental health providers will be selected as the sample group.
Questionnaire: Minimum of 40
Interviews: Minimum of 12 Mental Health providers
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Methodology
Qualitative study.
The methodology will be utilized to assist in offering actual evidences from the interview with participants. Previous studies show that the main cause of low use of services of mental health is the limitations of getting access to medical care (Augsberger, Yeung, Dougher, & Hahm, 2015).
Data collection operations will be performed using interviews and questionnaires to collect accurate information.
Information will be acquired to map the behavior of people who seek health care relating to mental health.
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Design
Descriptive Study
It is the suitable design since it provides data that is given by mental health providers who interact with patients in this field. It makes the information presented reliable and valid.
Literature review agrees with the argument that there is under usage of mental health resources. The State has a risk of having mentally ill people who have no access to care they require (Hamilton, Desai, Hoot, Gearing, Jeong, Meyer, & Begley, 2016).
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Instruments and Data Sources: Qualitative Study
Interviews and questionnaires will be used to gather information. The information will be collected by taking notes, making recordings and documenting the responses from questionnaires.
The main participants would be mental health providers who are members of mental health association who would be available for the interviews.
Information gathered will be summarized using Descriptive Statistics.
Questions posed will be addressed through coding.
A narrative summary will be developed.
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Instruments and Data Sources: Qualitative Study (cont.)
Collection of data that would be used will comprise of:
Acquiring a list of mental health providers who are members of Mental Health Organizations including:
Mental Health America (MHA)
National Alliance on Mental Health (NAMI)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Survey monkey will be used to collect data
Questions will be developed in part from:
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Mental Health Questionnaire
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Mental Health Quality Measures Questionnaire
Twelve Mental Health Providers would be selected to complete the NIEHS and the AHRQ Questionnaires
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References
References
American Psychological Association (2020) Cognition is central to drug addiction. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/monitor/jun01/cogcentral
Augsberger, A., Yeung, A., Dougher, M., & Hahm, H. C. (2015). Factors influencing the underutilization of mental health services among Asian American women with a history of depression and suicide. BMC Health Services Research, 15(1), 542. doi:10.1186/s12913-015-1191-7
Basu, S., Rehkopf, D. H., Siddiqi, A., Glymour, M. M., & Kawachi, I. (2016). Health behaviors, mental health, and health care utilization among single mothers after welfare reforms in the 1990s. American Journal of Epidemiology, 183(6), 531-538. doi:10.1093/aje/kwv249
Boardwalk Recovery (2019). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Substance Abuse. Retrieved from https://boardwalkrecoverycenter.com/cognitive-behavioral-therapy-for-substance-abuse/
Blosnich, J. R., Marsiglio, M. C., Gao, S., Gordon, A. J., Shipherd, J. C., Kauth, M., . . . Fine, M. J. (2016). Mental health of transgender veterans in U.S. states with and without discrimination and hate crime legal protection. American Journal of Public Health (1971), 106(3), 534-540. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302981
De Luca, S. M., Blosnich, J. R., Hentschel, E. A. W., King, E., & Amen, S. (2015). Mental health care utilization: How race, ethnicity and veteran status are associated with seeking help. Community Mental Health Journal, 52(2), 174-179. doi:10.1007/s10597-015-9964-3
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References (cont’d.).
References
Hamilton, J. E., Desai, P. V., Hoot, N. R., Gearing, R. E., Jeong, S., Meyer, T. D., . . . Gerson, L. W. (2016). Factors associated with the likelihood of hospitalization following emergency department visits for behavioral health conditions. Academic Emergency Medicine, 23(11), 1257-1266. doi:10.1111/acem.13044
Hom, M. A., Stanley, I. H., & Joiner, T. E. (2015). Evaluating factors and interventions that influence help-seeking and mental health service utilization among suicidal individuals: A review of the literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 40, 28-39. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.05.006
LARSON, Z. (2018). America's Long-Suffering Mental Health System. Retrieved from http://origins.osu.edu/article/americas-long-suffering-mental-health-system
Steele, L. S., Daley, A., Curling, D., Gibson, M. F., Green, D. C., Williams, C. C., & Ross, L. E. (2017). LGBT identity, untreated depression, and unmet need for mental health services by sexual minority women and trans-identified people. Journal of Women's Health (Larchmont, N.Y. 2002), 26(2), 116-127. doi:10.1089/jwh.2015.5677
Tala, A. (2017). Healthline: Exercise Benefits Children Physically and Mentally. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health-news/exercise-benefits-children-physically-and-mentally#1
Velten, J., Lavallee, K. L., Scholten, S., Meyer, A. H., Zhang, X., Schneider, S., & Margraf, J. (2014). Lifestyle choices and mental health: A representative population survey. BMC Psychology, 2(1), 58. doi:10.1186/s40359-014-0055-y
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ix
Factors Influencing Utilization of Public Mental Health Services in South Texas
Submitted by
Kehinde Alli
A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Doctor of Education
(or) Doctor of Philosophy
(or) Doctor of Business Administration
Grand Canyon University
Phoenix, Arizona Comment by GCU: HINT: There are several “styles” that have been set up in this GCU Template. When you work on your proposal or dissertation, “save as” this template in order to preserve and make use of the preset styles. This will save you hours of work!
[Insert Current Date Until Date of Dean’s Signature]
QUAL GCU Dissertation Template V9.0 Final 08-10-20_cnb 7 am
QUALITATIVE GCU Dissertation Template V9.0 08-10-2020
© by Your Full Legal Name (No Titles, Degrees, or Academic Credentials), 20xx
All rights reserved.
QUALITATIVE GCU Dissertation Template V9.0 08-10-2020
Factors Influencing Utilization of Public Mental Health Services in South Texas
By
Kehinde Alli
Successfully Defended and Approved by All Dissertation Committee Members
[Insert Date]
DISSERTATION COMMITTEE APPROVAL:
The following committee members certify they have read and approve this dissertation and deem it fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of XXX.
Full Legal Name, EdD, DBA, or PhD, Dissertation Chair
Full Legal Name, EdD, DBA, or PhD, Committee Member
Full Legal Name, EdD, DBA, or PhD, Committee Member
ACCEPTED AND SIGNED:
________________________________________ ____________________
Michael R. Berger, EdD Date
Dean, College of Doctoral Studies
Abstract
The abstract is the most important component of your dissertation! It is required for the dissertation manuscript only. The abstract is typically the last item written and should be updated based on final acceptance of manuscript by the dissertation committee members and reviewer(s). The abstract is intended as a precise, non-evaluative, summary of the entire dissertation presenting the major elements and findings of the study in a highly condensed format. Although few people typically read the full dissertation, the abstract will be read by many scholars and researchers. Consequently, great care must be taken in writing this page of the dissertation. The content of the abstract should mirror the structure of the entire dissertation, covering the research problem purpose of the study to solve the problem, theoretical foundation, research questions stated in narrative format, sample, location, methodology, design, data sources, data analysis approach, major findings or trends based on the analysis. The most important finding(s) should state the themes that support the conclusion(s). The abstract should close with a conclusion statement of the study implications and contributions to the field. The abstract does not appear in the table of contents and has no page number. The abstract is double-spaced, fully justified with no indentations or citations, and no longer than one page. Refer to the APA Publication Manual, 7th Edition, for additional guidelines for the development of the dissertation abstract. Make sure to add the keywords at the bottom of the abstract to assist future researchers.
Keywords: Abstract, one-page, vital information
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ABSTRACT (Dissertation Only—Not Required for the Proposal) (one page) |
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The abstract provides a succinct summary of the study and MUST include: the purpose of the study, theoretical foundation, research questions stated in narrative format, sample, location, methodology, design, data sources, data analysis, results, and a valid conclusion of the research. Note: The most important finding(s) should be stated with actual codes and resulting themes data/numbers (qualitative). |
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The abstract is written in APA format, one paragraph fully justified with no indentations, double-spaced with no citations, one page, and includes key search words. Keywords are on a new line and indented. |
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The abstract is written in a way that is well structured, has a logical flow, uses correct paragraph structure, uses correct sentence structure, punctuation, and APA format. |
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*Score each requirement listed in the criteria table using the following scale: 0 = Item Not Present or Unacceptable. Substantial Revisions are Required. 1 = Item is Present. Does Not Meet Expectations. Revisions are Required. 2 = Item is Acceptable. Meets Expectations. Some Revisions May be Suggested or Required. 3 = Item Exceeds Expectations. No Revisions are Required. |
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Reviewer Comments: |
I would to dedicate this dissertation to my family for their immense contribution in my studies.
I would like to thank all my family members for supporting me while writing this dissertation. I would also like to thank all my professors for their immense contribution in my academics.
Table of Contents
List of Tables x List of Figures xi Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study 1 Introduction 1 Background of the Study 8 Definition of Terms 15 Anticipated Limitations 16 Summary and Organization of the Remainder of the Study 17 Chapter 2: Literature Review 20 Introduction to the Chapter and Background to the Problem 20 Identification of the Problem Space 24 Theoretical Foundations 29 Review of the Literature 33 Problem Statement 80 Summary 82 Chapter 3: Methodology 85 Introduction 85 Purpose of the Study 88 Research Questions 90 Rationale for a Qualitative Methodology 93 Rationale for Research Design 95 Population and Sample Selection 98 Qualitative Sample Size 100 Recruiting and Sampling Strategy 101 Sources of Data 104 Research Data 105 Additional Data 106 Trustworthiness 109 Credibility 110 Dependability 110 Transferability 111 Confirmability 111 Data Collection and Management 113 Data Analysis Procedures 116 Ethical Considerations 123 Assumptions, and Delimitations 128 Assumptions 129 Delimitations 129 Summary 131 References 134 Appendix A. Ten Strategic Points 167 Appendix B. Site Authorization 180 Appendix C. IRB Approval Letter 181 Appendix D. 182 Appendix F. 185 Appendix G. Focus Groups Questions 187
List of Tables
Table 1. Correct Formatting for a Multiple Line Table Title is Single Spaced and Should Look Like this Example xii
Table 2. Alignment Table 15
Table 3. Description of Building Blocks for the Theoretical Foundations Section 25
Table 4. Steps for the Theoretical Foundations Section 26
Table 5. Qualitative Core Designs and Descriptions 43
Table 6. Example of a Clean, Easy-to-Read Table 75
Table 7. Example of Clean, Easy-to-Read Table for Focus Group Data 75
Table 8. Example of Case Unit Profiling (in Narrative) 76
Table 9. Initial Codes 83
Table F10. Sample Codebook 113
List of Figures
Figure 1. The Relationship of Things xiii
Figure 2. Incorporating Theories and Models of Research 24
Figure 3. IRB Alert 64
Figure 4. Diagram of a Blank Sociogram 84
ix
QUALITATIVE GCU Dissertation Template V9.0 08-10-2020
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study
Introduction
The study of mental health in Texas forms its basis on the argument that lack of social connections affects mental health status of people. This paper shall be based on mental health improvement in Texas which is a critical consideration in the current health environment. There have been prevalent social issues that have caused worsening and development of mental health conditions. The most common issues that lead to mental disorders are finances, systemic racism, traumatic events, adverse upbringing, physical or sexual abuse, substance abuse, and lack of emotional support during changes in external environment (Einstein et al., 2017). These factors often result in the affected persons to lack proper wellbeing that would ensure they transform the situations for the better. It is evident that environmental factors form the root of the majority of mental health conditions. This proposal shall identify issues that are linked to rejection and inaccessibility of mental health improvement initiatives.
Einstein et al. (2017) explained that mental illnesses are linked to environmental issues especially when the affected person is constantly exposed to situations that cause anxiety and depression. This paper’s study of mental illnesses in Texas and factors influencing use of mental health improvement initiatives is critical since the state as constantly gotten exposed to changes in its social structure and environmental issues. For instance, the recent pandemic has resulted in the majority of college students developing mental illnesses due to the government measures of social distancing (Taboada, 2020). This is a clear indication that people in Texas suffer mental health issues as they are unable to access required medical improvement initiatives. After discovering presence of mental health issues, the affected persons often reject mental health improvement measures.
The study of mental health in Texas is influenced further by the fact that accessibility of mental health improvement measures is limited in the state (Leonard, 2017). Study of mental health in Texas reveals that “1 in 5 Texans” are exposed to adverse mental health illness every year. The issue of mental health in Texas continues even as the National Alliance on Mental Illness discovered that 110,000 persons in Montgomery County were exposed to mental illnesses (Leonard, 2017). The author further states that schizophrenia or bipolar disorder affect around 23000 persons in Montgomery county only (Leonard, 2017). This indicates that mental health issues are adverse in the state and require study to ensure the creation of solutions that would ensure proper wellbeing of all persons. The statistics for all persons in Texas was approximately more than 500,000 persons in Texas who were living with adverse and recurrent mental health issues.
The main types of mental disorders, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) are “depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and other psychoses, dementia, and developmental disorders” (WHO, 2019). These disorders affect many persons in Texas and become worse when they lack access to healthcare. The most important solution of mental health issues to offer suitable social support and to provide treatment measures that are proven to create effective outcomes. The process of identification of cause of mental health disorders is connected to patients’ cognitive capability (Magaard et al., 2017). This forms a basis of treatment of mental health conditions since the affected persons can identify their need to receive treatment. This would influence their desire to visit mental health providers in order to identify the type of issue and to receive treatment. Issues in mental healthcare develop internal barriers to mental health access that cause them to have worse conditions.
Mental health disorders develop further due to overreliance of positive factors in the environment that do not provide full positive wellbeing for accepted persons. In this era, social media has caused in increase in mental health issues since many people get affected by adverse conditions that lead to inability to realize real stressors that cause them to get mental health issues (Wongkoblap et al., 2017). This paper shall study how intrapersonal issues affect capability of people to recover from mental health issues. The use of social media forms an intrapersonal barrier to mental healthcare access especially when the affected persons form a different reality while using the vast choices of social media platforms (Keles et al., 2019; McLafferty, et al., 2017; McKenzie, et al., 2021). This is an adverse barrier of improvement of healthcare since it becomes difficult to offer improvements based on the prevailing conditions.
The factors influencing mental health improvement are also connected to substance abuse which is an adverse issue that changes cognitive capability of affected person (Kim et al., 2020; Middleton et al., 2018; Mehta & Edwards, 2018). Any type of mental health issue affects people’s normal capacity to identify that they need help. In the case of South Texas, it is imperative to study how mental health conditions have affected local residents and the different government initiatives developed to ensure improvement in all areas. Any type of mental disorder can get considered as a negative issue that can form full incapacitation for affected persons. The fact that environmental issues often develop results in the need to study how mental health improvement can get performed without affecting the possibility of fully treating the condition.
Treatment of mental health disorders is possible by creating a conducive environment, identifying root cause of issues, and selecting a treatment plan that suits the type of patient (Mayo Clinic, 2019). This paper shall create an argument that is linked to mental health improvement requirements to ensure the capability of offering support to persons affected with mental illnesses. Any type of mental health issues has an impact on the affected persons daily operations. The issues worsen as the people lack connection with family members or friends that would enable them to cope with their adverse conditions. This results in the need to create more social awareness for affected persons to ensure they would be able to engage with the proper solutions and professionals that can offer solutions.
Chang et al. (2019) identified that psychological issues often develop as people get exposed to adverse social conditions. The process of detection is critical since it ensures identification of issues that would lead to the proper solution depending on patient conditions. The issue of mental health is strongly connected to any professional environment since it is required to ensure identification of limiting factors that can cause for a person to gain profitable outcomes. The development of personality traits affects possibility of mental health improvement since it is connected to the issue of accessibility by affected persons. The transition between personal factors and mental health improvement requires consideration since it affects normal functioning that has a capability of generating required outcomes for patients.
After studying factors that may lead to development of mental health issues, it is imperative to analyze how people’s desire to access care gets performed. There are certain barriers for mental health improvement that often occur due to limited capability to generate profitable treatments. The most common barriers are financial constraints, inability to reach required destination, age, stigma, social influence, limited literacy about mental health, lack of insurers, inadequate government interventions, and lack of access with professionally trained persons (Smith et al., 2019; Shukla et al., 2020; Shi et al., 2020; Shalaby & Agyapong, 2020). For instance, adolescents find it hard to receive mental health treatment since they are influenced by their peers (Cuddy & Currie, 2020). This is also connected to social influence that is common in all areas of a person’s daily life. Limited desire to mental health improvement often occurs in this way and thus creates more constraints for mental health departments.
There is a discrepancy between mental health improvement initiatives and the desire of targeted persons to engage with the improvement measures (Nyblade et al., 2019). This is dangerous for the health departments and affected persons since it affects their desire to access care. The procedure of identification of a type of mental health issue requires collaboration with the affected person and professionally trained person. Whenever the affected persons lack full confidence in their health provider’s capabilities, it becomes difficult to improve quality of care and to offer the best outcome (Brondani et al., 2017). There are a variety of interventions like emotional support, therapy, and medicine to help affected persons to cope with their issues. Depending on the type of issue mental healthcare providers are involved with the improvement measures that have high likelihood of producing required outcomes.
There is availability of mental healthcare procedures in the current environment the majority of which are proven to produce effective results. This paper shall apply qualitative descriptive method to analyze various factors related to mental health improvement initiatives. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study is to analyze all factors affecting mental healthcare providers as well as patients and result in limited capability to access required treatment in South Texas. This proposal shall analyze many high quality and peer reviewed articles that got developed during study of mental healthcare improvement. The fact that there are scholars who are involved in the study results in the need to study different articles and to a perform a synthesis that would connect are required topics. This study shall form a basis for any mental health department.</p
