Is your world view closer to the positivist or the constructivist paradigm? Explore the aspects of the two?paradigms that are especially consistent with your world view

22 Sep Is your world view closer to the positivist or the constructivist paradigm? Explore the aspects of the two?paradigms that are especially consistent with your world view

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Is your world view closer to the positivist or the constructivist paradigm? Explore the aspects of the two paradigms that are especially consistent with your world view.

Nursingreaserchslide1.ppt

Chapter 1

Introduction to Nursing Research
in an Evidence-Based
Practice Environment

Question

Tell whether the following statement is true or false:

Nursing research is systematic inquiry using disciplined methods to solve problems.

Answer

False

Research is systematic inquiry using disciplined methods to solve problems. Nursing research is systematic inquiry to develop knowledge about issues of importance to the nursing profession.

What Is Research?

Systematic inquiry using disciplined methods to solve problems

Nursing research

Systematic inquiry to develop knowledge about issues of importance to the nursing profession

Consumer–Producer Continuum

Consumers: nurses who read and evaluate research reports or summaries
Producers: nurses who design and undertake research studies

Question

Tell whether the following statement is true or false:

Producers of research design and undertake studies.

Answer

True

Knowledge of nursing research enhances the professional practice of both consumers of research (who read and evaluate studies) and producers of research (who design and undertake studies).

Contemporary Emphasis

Evidence-based practice projects
Replications
Research integration through systematic review
Multisite and interdisciplinary studies
Expanded dissemination efforts
Increased focus on health disparities

Sources of Evidence for Nursing Practice

Tradition
Authority
Clinical experience, trial and error, intuition
Logical reasoning (inductive and deductive)

What Is a Paradigm?

A world view; a general perspective on the complexities of the real world, with certain assumptions about reality

Key paradigms for nursing research:

Positivist paradigm
Naturalistic paradigm

What Is the Nature of Reality?

Positivist assumption: Reality exists; there is a real world driven by natural causes.
Naturalistic assumption: Reality is multiple and subjective, constructed by individuals.

Question

What occurs in the positivist paradigm?

Reality is not fixed.

Reality is fixed.

Associated with qualitative research

Subjective, narrative materials

Answer

Positivist paradigm reality is fixed and is associated with quantitative research. Constructivist paradigm reality is not fixed and is associated with qualitative research and subjective, narrative materials.

How Is Knowledge Obtained?

Positivist Constructivist

Fixed design Flexible design

Discrete, specific concepts Holistic

Deductive processes Inductive processes

Control over context Context-bound

Verification of hunches Emerging interpretations

Quantitative information Qualitative information

Seeks generalizations Seeks patterns

Research

Basic: extending information for sake of knowledge
Applied: discovering solutions to immediate problems

Key Evidence-Based Practice

Treatment/therapy/intervention
Assessment and diagnosis
Prognosis
Harm and etiology
Meaning and process

22 Sep Is your world view closer to the positivist or the constructivist paradigm? Explore the aspects of the two?paradigms that are especially consistent with your world view

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