The case study based on CAD involves a 65-year-old male with a history of smoking and high cholesterol.

Patient Demographics

• Gender: Male
• Age: 65 years old
• Family History: Father had a heart attack at a young age
• Occupation: Retired in nursing home

Symptoms

• Chest pain
• Shortness of breath
• Nausea

Medical History

• Smoker (pack-a-day)
• High cholesterol levels
• Sedentary lifestyle

Physical examination

• Slightly elevated blood pressure

Diagnostic test

• Stress test: positive for ischemia
• Electrocardiogram (ECG): shows ST-segment depression with exercise

Treatment plan

• Lifestyle changes: smoking cessation, regular exercise, healthy diet
• Medications: statins to reduce cholesterol levels, beta-blockers to slow heartbeat and reduce blood pressure

References

Bauersachs, R., Zeymer, U., Brière, J., Marre, C., Bowrin, K., & Huelsebeck, M. (2019). Burden of coronary artery disease and peripheral artery disease: A literature review. Cardiovascular Therapeutics, 2019, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8295054Links to an external site.

Cassar, A., Holmes, D. R., Rihal, C. S., & Gersh, B. J. (2009). Chronic coronary artery disease: Diagnosis and management. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 84(12), 1130-1146. https://doi.org/10.4065/mcp.2009.0391Links to an external site.

Wilson, P. W., & O’Donnell, C. J. (2018). Epidemiology of chronic coronary artery disease. Chronic Coronary Artery Disease, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-42880-4.00001-7