Case : The RN is caring for a 62-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency room with nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal pain in the URQ. After diagnostic testing and general surgery consult it was decided she will require a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The surgeon states the patient is ready to sign the surgical consent.

 1-   What is an informed consent? 

2-   What information regarding the patient’s neurological assessment is crucial before a patient is to sign an informed consent?

 3-   What is the nurse’s responsibility in regards to informed consent? 

4-   When can informed consent be overridden?5-   Who is authorized to sign an informed consent besides the patient? 

 A nurse in a cardiologist office is providing CHF (congestive heart failure) teaching to a newly diagnosed client.  The client asks the nurse should he discuss with his family the topic of advance directives. 

1-   What are advance directives? 

2-   What are the different types of advance directives? 

3-   What is the nurse’s role in advance directives? 

4-   Is there a difference between an advance directive and a DNR “do not resuscitate” order?a.   Please explain if YES or NO and why: